Fiber optic fusion splicing is no stranger to all of us. And when operating fiber optic fusion splicing, we will all use the same tool, which is the optical fiber fusion splicer. So, what is a optical fiber fusion splicer? What are the classifications of optical fiber fusion splicers? Let's go and learn together below.
A optical fiber fusion splicer is mainly used for the construction and maintenance of fiber optic cables in optical communication. The general working principle is to use high voltage arcs to melt the end faces of two optical fibers while smoothly pushing them together with high-precision motion mechanisms to fuse two optical fibers into one to achieve the coupling of optical fiber modes.
Common optical fiber fusion splicers generally refer to single-core optical fiber fusion splicers. In addition to this, there are also special machines such as ribbon optical fiber fusion splicers used to weld ribbon fiber optic cables, skin line splicing machines used to weld skin line cables and jumpers, and polarization-maintaining optical fiber fusion splicers used to weld polarization-maintaining fiber optic cables.
According to different alignment methods, optical fiber fusion splicers can also be divided into two categories: cladding alignment and core alignment.
Core Alignment
The core alignment optical fiber fusion splicer uses a Core Detection System (CDS) with six motors and two CCD cameras to align the optical fibers. The alignment process of optical fiber is that the red light emitted by the internal light source of the machine is reflected by a mirror to irradiate the optical fiber, then gathers in the objective lens, and is formed into images on the Charge Coupled Device (CCD) of two cameras. The gray scales imaged in the CCD due to the different refractive indices of the core and the cladding inside the optical fiber form bright and dark stripes, and these stripes are aligned by an algorithm.
The core alignment optical fiber fusion splicer has high fusion performance, low loss, and is suitable for all fiber optic fusion splicing applications. It has an excellent effect when welding old and new optical fibers together.
Cladding Alignment
The cladding alignment optical fiber fusion splicer has two motors and one camera inside it. The alignment process of optical fiber is that the optical fibers to be welded are placed in a fixed V-groove, and then the fixed V-groove position is adjusted according to the concentricity of the optical fibers by using a camera to align the optical fiber cladding. Finally, two motors push the optical fibers forward to perform electrode discharge fusion.
The cladding alignment optical fiber fusion splicer has a high requirement for the precision of the fixed V-groove and must be clean and non-polluting. In addition, as this kind of splicing machine aligns the cladding of the optical fiber, not the core, the loss of the fused optical fiber is relatively large. In general, the cladding alignment optical fiber fusion splicer is suitable for short-distance transmission of single-mode and multi-mode fiber optic splicing applications.
The cladding alignment optical fiber fusion splicer is mainly used in occasions where the quality requirements of fiber optic fusion splicing are not too high, such as fiber optic to the home, so the price is relatively cheap. The core alignment optical fiber fusion splicer is equipped with a high-precision six-motor alignment system including a focusing motor, specially designed optical lenses, and software algorithms that can accurately recognize the type of optical fiber and automatically select the matching fusion mode for fusion to ensure the quality of fusion. Its technical content is relatively high and can be used for fiber optic fusion splicing of trunk lines, so the price is also relatively high.
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