FTTH, or fiber-to-the-home, is simply installing the optical network terminal ONT at the residence or business of the user. In the fiber access mix, there are still options for FTTB (fiber-to-the-building), FTTC (fiber-to-the-curb), FTTO (fiber-to-the-office), and so on. Fiber access is one of the wired access methods, and it is also the most potential access method. FTTH is a wiring method based on PON (passive optical network) technology and generally uses EPON or GPON.
The significant technical feature of FTTH is not only providing greater bandwidth, but also enhancing the network's transparency to data formats, speed, wavelengths, and protocols. It also relaxes environmental and power supply requirements, simplifies maintenance and installation. FTTH's appeal is because its high bandwidth is the best solution for the "last mile" bottleneck phenomenon from the internet backbone network to the user's desktop.
FTTB uses copper cables to enter the residence, while FTTH directly connects the optical cable to the user's home. FTTB uses a centralized splitter solution in network deployment, which improves the flexibility of network transformation. And by properly reducing the splitter ratio, it increases the shared bandwidth for users. Considering users' bandwidth needs and future new business development, it is recommended to cover approximately 256 broadband users with one PON port.
The splitter in FTTH technology uses a distributed splitter solution in network deployment, and future upgrades and renovations do not need to be considered in network planning. The backbone and distribution parts can be covered at one time. Splitters can be placed as close as possible to the ONU node. The advantage of distributed splitters is that the feeder and distribution cables are small core optical cables, which can cover the maximum range of FTTH fiber users with minimum cost and the fastest speed. It is suitable for large-scale FTTH network construction. Simply put, it reduces the amount of fiber used, greatly reduces the use of fiber cable distribution boxes, and speeds up construction. During construction, cold-connect technology can be used for both access points and user terminals to improve user response speed and reduce construction costs. The advantages of FTTH compared to FTTB are as follows:
The user's access bandwidth is much larger than the FTTB access method, with a theoretical capacity of up to 1Gbps/s. It is more conducive to the development of high-bandwidth business such as HD video.
Reducing the number of access points, achieving passive deployment within the community, and reducing network operation costs.
Network deployment is simple and efficient, and the number of maintenance devices is greatly reduced. Business can be directly pushed to the home, greatly improving operational efficiency.
FTTH is recognized as the most ideal optical access method. With low prices, advanced technology support, and policy guidance, FTTH technology will become the mainstream of broadband access network. From the perspective of current development, this household access method has indeed solved the problem of broadband internet access for the public. However, in terms of broadband access, the next-generation network must be fiber-to-the-home. FTTH's development can promote the evolutionary development of the convergence of the three networks. They interact in a benign manner, complement each other, and develop together. FTTH's powerful advantages have enabled it to be rapidly implemented in various regions.
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